gotpi

GOTPi

GOTPi (Golang + OTP + images) is a lightweight Go CLI and library for experimenting with One-Time Pad (OTP) encryption using images as keys. It allows to generate random noise keys as PNGs (either Grayscale or RGB) and use them to bitwise-encrypt and decrypt image files.

It supports key generation in two modes: standard black and white (Grayscale) or full color (RGB).

bw	rgb
gotpi key-gen	gotpi key-gen --rgb

Two-Time Pad security

This is inspired by this question on the secutiy of Two-Time Pad on StackOverflow. Indeed this tool is a great way to visualize why key reuse is fatal for OTP security.

If two different messages ($m_1​$ and $m_2​$) are encrypted with the same key ($k$), an attacker can XOR the two ciphertexts together. This removes the key and leaves the combined original messages in the hand of the adversary ($m_1 \oplus m_2​$).

$$ c_1\oplus c_2 = (m_1 \oplus k) \oplus (m_2 \oplus k) = m_1 \oplus m_2 $$

Reusing the key multiple times gives the encryption depth, the more depth given, the more likely it is that information leaks. The attack is called crib dragging.

If two images are encrypted using the same key, hence violating the rule of one-time, then an adversary can compute the xor of the two encryptions and gain an advantage, graphically:

send-cash.enc.png		vibrant.enc.png		xoring leaks information
	$\oplus$		$=$

Examples

$m$		$k$		$m \oplus k = c$
	$\oplus$		$=$

gotpi enc -f vibrant.png -k rgb-key.png -o vibrant.enc.rgb.png --rgb

$c$		$k$		$c \oplus k = m$
	$\oplus$		$=$

gotpi dec -f vibrant.enc.rgb.png -k rgb-key.png -o vibrant.dec.rgb.png --rgb

$k$		$m$		$k \oplus m = c$
	$\oplus$		$=$

gotpi enc -f smiley.png -k bw-key.png -o smiley.enc.png

$c$		$k$		$c \oplus k = m$
	$\oplus$		$=$

gotpi dec -f smiley.enc.png -k bw-key.png -o smiley.dec.png

Installing

As a CLI Utility

go install github.com/micheledinelli/gotpi/cmd/gotpi@latest

gotpi --help

[sub]Command required
usage: One-Time Pad image encryptor <Command> [-h|--help] [-v|--verbose]
                                    [-c|--rgb]

                                    encrypt and decrypt images using OTP images
                                    as keys

Commands:

  key-gen  Generate a new OTP key image
  enc      Encrypt an image using an OTP key image
  dec      Decrypt an image using an OTP key image
  xor      XOR two images together

Arguments:

  -h  --help     Print help information
  -v  --verbose  Print the encrypted image to terminal. Default: false
  -c  --rgb      use RGB mode instead of black and white. Default: false

As a Package

go get -u github.com/micheledinelli/gotpi

package main

import (
	"image"
	"image/png"
	"os"

	"github.com/micheledinelli/gotpi"
)

func main() {
	colored := true

	// Generate a key of 256x256 pixels
	k := gotpi.KeyGen(256, colored)

	// Load an image
	path := "image.png"
	f, err := os.Open(path)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	defer f.Close()
	img, _, err := image.Decode(f)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	// Encrypt the image
	out := gotpi.Encrypt(img, k, colored)

	// Save the output
	outF, err := os.Create("out.png")
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	defer outF.Close()
	if err := png.Encode(outF, out); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
}

Note

If you use a Grayscale key on an RGB image, the output will lose its color data because the key doesn't have enough "depth" to cover the R, G, and B channels.

$m$		$k$		$c \oplus k = m$
	$\oplus$		$=$

gotpi enc -f vibrant.png -k bw-key.png -o vibrant.enc.png

$c$		$k$		$c \oplus k = m$
	$\oplus$		$=$

gotpi dec -f vibrant.enc.png -k bw-key.png -o vibrant.dec.png

The opposite does work

$k$		$m$		$k \oplus m = c$
	$\oplus$		$=$

gotpi enc -f abstract.png -k rgb-key.png -o abstract.enc.rgb.png

$c$		$k$		$c \oplus k = m$
	$\oplus$		$=$

gotpi dec -f abstract.enc.rgb.png -k rgb-key.png -o abstract.dec.rgb.png